Infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi; the diseases can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another. Zoonotic diseases are infectious diseases of animals that can cause disease when transmitted to humans
Following are the steps for identification of UNKNOWN BACTERIA:
Step 1: Staining
- Simple basic staining: To find out shape of bacteria
- Gram staining: To determine Gram-positive/Gram-negative
- Acid-fast staining: To determine Acid-fast/Non-acid-fast
Step 2: Motility test
Hanging drop prepartion: To findout bacterial mobility
Step 3: Cultural characteristics
- Cultivation of bacteria in nutrient broth: Determines characteristics of growth in broth
- Cultivation of bacteria on agar plates: Determines characteristics of colonies on plates
- Cultivation of bacteria on agar slants: Determines characteristics of growth on slants
Step 4: Biochemical tests
Series of biochemical tests: For knowing of types of biochemical reactions
Step 5: Identification
Used for finding the name of the unknown bacteria upto genus and species level
Step 6: Further confirmation:
Can be done by a) Serological tests
b) PCR test
